Attacks are always associated with a hand. This could be the hand that uses a weapon, that casts a spell, or that performs an unarmed strike. The first attack you make with a given hand has no penalty to hit. Each subsequent attack you make with that hand in the same turn incurs a cumulative -5 attack penalty to hit. Your attack penalty resets to 0 at the end of your turn.
Shields have special rules regarding multiple attacks.
- Buckler Shields
- Any type of item can be held in an arm with a buckler shield. But only small items in this hand can be used to attack or block.
- Large Shields
- Any type of item can be held in an arm with a large shield. But no item in this hand can be used to attack or block.
- Tower Shields
- Only small items can be held in an arm with a tower shield. No item in this hand can be used to attack or block.